Ikon Idiongo Aniekan

Task: Final task
Topic: Refugee

CONTENT

· Definition

· What is a refugee Camp?

· Abstract.

· Problems refugees cause in hosting countries.

· What is it like to be a refugee?

· Types of Refugees.

· Mind map

· What Rights Do Refugees Have?

DEFINITION

A refugee is a person who is outside their home country because they have suffered (or feared) persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, or political opinion; because they are a member of a persecuted social category of persons; or because they are fleeing a war.

Refugees are people who leave their country because of wars, natural disasters (earth quakes, lightening’s...), famines they may be forced to other country or they may leave on their own in fear. Today there are up to 15million men, women, and children who have been forced to leave their home because they are afraid to stay. Developing countries host four-fifths of the world’s refugees. The 48 Least Developed Countries provide asylum to 2.3 million refugees.

What is a refugee Camp?

A refugee camp is generally a temporary settlement comprised of a group of people that have been forced to leave their home/country for whatever reason. Those reasons are generally wars or natural disasters.

ABSTRACT.

The current international framework for protecting migrants and refugees is often criticised as being fragmentary, with a multiplicity of categories of persons, and of organizations for addressing their problems. Many scholars have called for a new international regime and a more unified institutional arrangement, which would provide for the orderly movement of people. The basic weakness of the current regimes derives from the artificial distinction between ‘refugees’ and ‘migrants’ created after the Second World War. The article explores the institutional origins of the system and determines the major causes of the different treatment of refugees and migrants.

The paper argues the following: First, the system, which might be in need of reconstruction in order to suit today's world of high mobility and diversified patterns of international movement, resulted from the battle between the United States and the international institutions (the ILO and UN). The conflict was over how to deal with the surplus populations in Europe. The US favoured an institution with specifically designed functions based on inter-governmental negotiations. The ILO-UN plan recommended international co-operation under the leadership of a single international organization. After the conferences in Naples and Brussels in 1951, the US plan was accepted and the Provisional Intergovernmental Committee for the Movement of Migrants from Europe (now renamed the International Organization for Migration) was created. Second, the distinction between migrants and refugees also emerged as a way of helping the restructuring and dissolution of the pre-war refugee protection organisations. Two parameters for the division — forced movement and violation of civil and political rights — appeared inadvertently rather than deliberately. From the perspective of the US government, the main goal was to limit international influence over national migration and refugee policies as much as possible.

Problems refugees cause in hosting countries.

Lots. You have economic strain, as you are taking in thousands of people that will need government assistance to get started again. Then you may have political strain in how to deal with the refugees and what rights they may have in your country. You may also have racial tensions if the refugees are of a race that is not like in your country. You may also have religious tensions if the refugees are of a religion that is not tolerant or if the dominant religion in your country is not tolerant.

What is it like to be a refugee?

Being a refugee is horrible. Many have to leave their home because of complications or because of any problem's. Sometimes people have to leave because of too many dangers and death of family. Being a refugee is horrible. You have no one with you and you don't know what’s going to happen or what’s happening or what’s going to happen. Sometimes it feels like you've got no more of a life. Not that I know but that must be what it’s like being a refugee.

Types of Refugees.

Asylum Seekers.

Asylum seekers say they are refugees and have fled their homes as refugees do, but their claim to refugee status is not yet definitively evaluated in the country to which they fled.

Internally displaced person.

Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) are people who have not crossed an international border but have moved to a different region than the one they call home within their own country.

Stateless Person.

Stateless persons do not have a recognized nationality and do not belong to any country. Statelessness situations are usually caused by discrimination against certain groups. Their lack of identification — a citizenship certificate — can exclude them from access to important government services, including health care, education or employment.

Returnees.

Returnees are former refugees who return to their own countries or regions of origin after time in exile. Returnees need continuous support and reintegration assistance to ensure that they can rebuild their lives at home.

MIND MAP

What Rights Do Refugees Have?

Refugee law and international human rights law are closely intertwined; refugees are fleeing governments that are either unable or unwilling to protect their basic human rights. Additionally, in cases where the fear of persecution or threat to life or safety arises in the context of an armed conflict, refugee law also intersects with international humanitarian law

NON-REFOULEMENT

The basic principle of refugee law, non-refoulement refers to the obligation of States not to refoule, or return, a refugee to “the frontiers of territories where his life or freedom would be threatened on account of his race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion.”

FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT

Freedom of movement is an especially important issue with regard to protracted refugee situations in countries with limited national resources and/or limited legal frameworks for protecting refugees who nonetheless host large refugee populations. In such countries, refugee warehousing – in which refugees are confined to refugee camps, thereby restricting their access to employment and education – is commonly practiced.

RIGHT TO LIBERTY AND SECURITY OF THE PERSON

The right to liberty and security of the person is important in the context of how asylum seekers are treated within the intended country of refuge. The national laws of several countries provide for the detention of asylum seekers at one point or another during the adjudication of their claims

RIGHT TO FAMILY LIFE

The family is seen as the “natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State.” In respect of this right, a number of countries provide for the granting of derivative status to dependent relatives. Thus, where an individual is granted asylum, his or her dependent relatives will also receive protection through him or her.